Kafka and the Uncanny

Elimination of the Gas Chamber in Animal Shelters Essay Example

Elimination of the Gas Chamber in Animal Shelters Essay Example Elimination of the Gas Chamber in Animal Shelters Essay Elimination of the Gas Chamber in Animal Shelters Essay Elimination of the Gas Chamber in Animal Shelters The push for the elimination of the Gas Chamber to euthanasia animals in the Licking County Animal Control Shelter has been recently fueled by protestors that want the gas chamber shut down. The animal rights group together with the members of the Licking County Political Action committee gathered with the purpose of abolishing the use of the gas chamber and reforming the county animal shelter. Although the Euthanasia by Injection is the shelters primary method of putting an animal to death, they are still using the gas chamber, in certain cases, to euthanasia animals. Euthanasia by the gas chamber is a cruel, dated and should not be tolerated. A lethal injection is a faster more humane way to put an animal to death. There are several methods to put an animal to death and all are based on various social, psychological and physical circumstances. The American Veterinary Medical Association (AVMA) considers sodium pentobarbital and CO acceptable methods of euthanasia for dogs and cats in animals in shelters. However, although the AVMA considers CO as an acceptable method of euthanasia, they strongly support EBI as the preferred method of euthanasia. EBI is also supported by the National Animal Control Association (NACA), the Association of Shelter Veterinarians (AOSV), and The America Humane Association (AHA) of the United States. According to Doug Fakkemas article in the Euthanasia by Injection (EBI) Myth vs. Fact Sheet, he states that, the gas chamber can take up to 25 to 30 minutes to end an animals life; whereas EBI causes loss of consciousness within 3 to 5 seconds and clinical death within 2 to 5 minutes (Fakkema, n.d.). Euthanasia by these archaic gas chambers should not be allowed. Alth ough animal euthanasia is an act of painlessly putting an animal to death, the Licking County Animal Shelters gas chamber does not apply to this rule. The animals are subjected to a painful death thus disobeying the rule of euthanasia. This has led to numerous complaints by the residents and the county political action committee. On April 24, 2010, an article in the Newark Advocate reported that about 100 protestors gathered to protest the use of the gas chamber outside the Licking County Animal Shelter. According to the article, they have been protesting the gas chamber for about twelve years (Sudar, 2010). The animal rights group together with the members of the Licking County Political Action committee wants the gas chamber abolished. On April 28, 2010, another article appeared in the Newark Advocate in which the protestors lobbied the Licking County Commissioners to remove and disassemble the gas chamber. According to Ronnie Kidd, one of the local organizers said, Weve heard a lot of promises, but the actions are not meeting the words. We will go on until the change happens. We are not going away until the problem goes away (Hollon, 2010). The Licking county citizens want all shelter animals euthanized by EBI. Jon Luzio, Director of the Licking County Animal Control Shelter said that, despite some reports, he wanted to ensure the residents of Licking County that the pets that were euthanasia via the gas chamber they passed quickly and humanly. He also noted that the animal shelter requires more reforms and a plan for the creation of an advisory council are being considered. The council will consist of local professionals who will make recommendations about the shelter. Mr.Luzio went on to say that the euthanasia rates are the lowest in the state of Ohio and that the adoptable dogs are kept for up to 30 days longer than required by law. He stated that Even though our shelter is transitioning to euthanasia by injection, we are still using carbon monoxide for aggressive animals (personal communication, 17 Mar 2010). Mr. Luzio also provided statistics that show the euthanasia rates are on the decline. For example, below is a chart provided and compiled by the Licking County Animal Control Shel ter that confirms the decrease in the euthanasia rates, in Licking County. As one can see, the euthanasia rate has declined, but the fact still remains that the shelter is still using the gas chamber to euthanasia animals. Although the county commissioner and the director of the Licking County Animal Control Shelter told the advocate that the gas chambers are not in use, unless an animal is aggressive, the groups through its commissioners are pushing towards the elimination of the gas chambers altogether. There is no reason to continue using the gas chamber for aggressive animals. According to an article in Animal News by Doug Fakkema, a trainer and consultant for the AHA stated, I can euthanize a dangerous dog in his or her kennel by feeding sodium pentobarbital, no handling necessary (Clifton, 2006). These animals can be sedated and then injected instead of dragging them chaotically into a gas chamber. The article goes on to explain that there are several control methods available, so the shelter workers do not have to handle the aggressive animals. Thes e restraints include restraint poles, squeeze gates, and syringe poles. Shelter workers can then sedate the animal with a dose of pre-euthanasia drugs. If for some reason shelters do not have restraints, the shelter workers can mix the powder form of sodium pentobarbital in a can of dog food; this will make the animal unconscious. Once the dog is unconscious, a lethal dose of the drug can be administered. This is the most humane method of euthanasia of animals. In addition to the pain and suffering that the animals experience in the gas chamber, carbon monoxide can also cause health risks for the shelter workers. According to an article from the Journal of the American Medical Association in 2006, Researchers discovered a link between severe carbon monoxide poisoning and death years later from heart disease (Henry, 2006). Carbon monoxide is extremely hard to detect because it is colorless, tasteless, and odorless. Carbon dioxide can cause asphyxiation, kidney damage, or induced coma and heart disease if released in confined areas. For example, in 2009, a gas build-up in a North Carolina shelter caused the door to explode, and an animal control officer was taken to the emergency room. Even, though there are no reported incidents like this in the Licking County Animal Shelter, there is still the possibility of exposure and injury based on the documented reports Furthermore, EBI also provides shelter workers the dignity they deserve when face d with the difficult job of euthanizing pets. Most shelter workers have an incredible stressful and emotional job. They have to do what they do because of societys lack of responsibility for their pets. Many workers get into the line of work because they truly care about animals and only want to provide comfort for the animals in their final moments of life. EBI offers this comfort. In contrast, the gas chamber is both cruel and upsetting to the physical and emotional well being of humans and animals. Many supporters argued that the gas chamber is more cost effective than lethal injection. However, a 2009 study by the AHA shows EBI is less costly than gas to communities. The AHA recently commissioned Doug Fakkema, to perform a study on the costs associated between EBI and gas. Fakkema stated that , he used data from an animal shelter organization in North Carolina, and it was based on the number of dogs and cats euthanized in 2007 which was 5,427. The study shows that the cost to use carbon monoxide gas is $4.98 per animal. The cost to use carbon monoxide poisoning without a tranquilizer is $4.66 per animal. The cost to use EBI, however, was only $2.29 per animal (Fakkema, 2009.). These cost figures from North Carolina are comparable to other states and show that euthanasia by EBI is more cost effective than gas. Another issue with the gas chamber is that the animals do not always die, as documented by Stray Rescue founder Randy Grim. He tells of the story about a dog, which he na med Quentin, who survived a gas chamber at the animal shelter in the city of St. Louis, Missouri. The animal control officer opened the door to the gas chamber and saw the dog standing on the other dogs, and she immediately called Randy Grim, who rescues dogs and tries to place them in new homes. She stated, I did not have the heart to gas him again (Grim, 2005). Therefore, Randy Grimâ„ ¢s lobbying efforts and his ability to raise money convinced the St. Louis Shelter to shut down the gas chamber for good. In another article, an incident happened in North Carolina at the Davies County Animal Shelter in April 2005 in which another puppy survived the gas chamber and was later found at the dump (Gunning, 2005). These incidents helped persuade many states to pass laws to prevent carbon dioxide and monoxide euthanasia of shelter animals. For example, nine states including Oregon, Wyoming, Delaware, Virginia, Tennessee, Rhode Island, New York, New Mexico and Illinois have banned the us e of the gas chamber. The use of the gas chamber needs to be abolished; this is a cruel and inhumane way to put an animal to death. A lethal injection is more humane, less expensive, and less time consuming than the use of the gas chamber. The continued use of the gas chamber has led to numerous complaints by the residents and the county political action committee. However, strict follow up of the issue needs to continue through the local government until all shelter animals are euthanized by lethal injection. References Clifton, M. (2006, October). Could carbon monoxide gas chambers make a comeback Retrieved May 18, 2010, from Amimal People: animalpeoplenews.org./ 06/10/carbongaschamber106.html Fakkema, D (n.d.) Euthanasia by Injection (EBI) Myth vs. Fact Sheet. (n.d.). Retrieved from http://michiganpetfund.org/userfiles/file/american%20Humane%20M1%20EBI%20myth -fact%20sheet.pdf Fakkema, D. (2009, January). EBI cost analysis matrix 2009. Retrieved May 17, 2010, from from American Humane Association: americanhumane. .org/assets/docs/advocy/ADV-co-ebi-cost-analsis09.pdf. Grim, R. (2005). Miracle dog: how quentin survived the gas chamber to speak for animals on dealth row. St. Louis, Missouri, United States: Alpine. Gunning, M. (2005). Puppy survives euthansia attempt, trip to the dump. Retrieved May 19, 2010, from freewebs.com/animalshelternews/index.htm. Henry, T. D. (2006). Heart injury due to carbon monoxide poisoning increases long term risk of death. Journal of the American Medical Association , 295, 398-402. Hollon, A. (2010, April 28). Protesters step up fight against gas chamber at animal shelter. Retrieved May 18, 2010, from Newark Advocate: animalconcerns.org/ external.htmlwww=http%3A//www.newarkadvocate.com/article/20100414/updates01/1 00414026/1002NEWS01itemid=201004150650480.543111 Sudar, A. (2010, April 18). Animal shelter protest draws about 100. Retrieved May 18, 2010, from Newark Advocate: newarkadvocate.com/fdcp/1272147611100

A business memorandum on any topic pertaining to Real estate Term Paper

A business memorandum on any topic pertaining to Real estate - Term Paper Example Nevertheless, some jurisdictions necessitate that the government body or department offer to buy the property before choosing to use the eminent domain. According to the 5th Amendment of the United States Constitution, ‘there shall be no taking of private property fro public use, without proper compensation.’ Nonetheless, eminent domain has been in place since the United States of America has been in existence or was established. The 5th Amendment of the United States Constitution only brought about the concept of just compensation. However, without this Amendment, we find that the government could seize whatever property they wished with no compensation. The city pays homeowners in a section of the city with low-housing costs. The city has the plans of putting up or establishing a new housing development hopping to attract the higher-income families. However, the former owners of the homes are given compensations for their home; in some instances, given more that the estimated value of their homes. This actually sound good to some extent. However, the problem that arises is that the previous owners of the homes are not in a position of affording housing in the newly established development; this forces them to move far from their original neighborhood. This greatly changes a neighborhood’s composition, and there is no way of getting to know whether it will be favorable of not. One could loose historically significant structures only because they appear to be found in the way of a new project. Individuals could get considerably less funds than for that the total worth of their property is. Eminent domain, back in the old days, was used in taking a piece of land for civic or public use like bridge, dam, road or new lake. The individual was always given ‘fair market value’ for the property seized. For instance, even though an individual

Steve Wozniak Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Steve Wozniak - Essay Example Wozniak remains unknown to many including some of the most loyal consumers of Apple products. Indeed, education goes hand in hand with technological innovations and advancing. This essay, thus, purposes to illuminate the impetus behind Wozniak’s innovation and relate it to educational attainments. Jobs started Apple Co. with Steve Wozniak in 1976. Wozniak provided his technical ability while Jobs brought his mesmerizing energy on the table to develop a powerful team. Wozniak showcased his first home-made Apple I computer at Homebrew Computer Club in Silicon Valley in 1976. Apple’s popularity took a sudden twist and rose exponentially following Jobs employment at the Byte Shop. Wozniak soon followed suit and released a computer that made Apple as a company overly popular. The talented engineer built Apple II single-handedly ensuring that every hardware and software component had its place. What is more, Wozniak did this while still delivering at his day job with his coll eague, Jobs, at Hewlett-Packard. Apple II went public in 1977 during a computer fair held in the West Coast. In the years that followed, Apple became a publicly listed company in the biggest IPO in 1956. Apple II redefined personal computers and introduced myriad ordinary people to extraordinary personal computers. The reason behind this success was the amazing design. An interview with Wozniak reveals the miraculous aspect of the engineer’s character (Ghosh 1). The teachers saw my smartness and encouraged me to read widely.  

Transformational and Shared Instructional Leadership Assignment

Transformational and Shared Instructional Leadership - Assignment Example A total of 24 schools have been nationally chosen to participate in the research. Of these 24 schools, 8 schools offer elementary education, 8 offer middle school education and another 8 offer the high school education. In an attempt to keep accordance with the data that is largely structured in a multilevel fashion, the researchers have resorted to use the Hierarchical Linear Modeling (HLM) as the primary technique for analysis. As a result of the study, the researchers have concluded that the transformational leadership is a compulsory element for the instructional leadership, though it is insufficient. In order to improve the quality of teaching and education of a school and make the students show good performance and achieve higher grades, it is imperative that the two leadership conceptions, i.e. the shared instructional and the transformational leadership exist simultaneously and mutually integrate into the leadership. Their coexistence has a substantial impact of the overall p erformance of the school, the personnel associated with it and the students. â€Å"A Review of Transformational School Leadership Research 1996-2005† (Leithwood and Jantzi, 2005). Theoretical Synthesis: Transformational leadership has conventionally remained a subject of universal debate particularly with reference to its application in schools. Various studies have been done in the past to study the impact of transformational leadership on the environment of studies. However, the number of studies that have conventionally attempted to investigate the moderators and antecedents of the transformational style of leadership ion schools is very low. This particular research conducted an in-depth analysis of 32 such researches and empirical studies that have been conducted in the past from 1996 to 2005 in order to understand the nature of transformational leadership in schools, the different variables which regulate the effects of the transformational leadership on the students in an educational setup as well as the antecedents of this type of leadership. As a result of the study, researchers have reached the conclusion that the transformational leadership has obvious effects on the achievement of students in their studies and their involvement in the various activities of school, though the effect is largely indirect in nature. There is a whole range of variables that influence the impact of the transformational leadership on the performance of students which include but are not limited to the culture of the school, the commitment of mentors with their job as well as the level of satisfaction they maintain with the job of teaching. â€Å"Transformational Leadership: Industrial, Military, and Educational Impact† (Bass, 1998). Theoretical Synthesis: Leadership theory has long been focusing on the transactional exchange between the followers and a leader until the transformational-transactional form of leadership surfaced to reflect good leadership prac tices. In this research, a total of 11 questions which affect the application of the new paradigm of transformational-transactional leadership have been put forth. The 11 questions are discussed in separate chapters. Various aspects of the transformational-transactional leadership have been comprehensively discussed in this research which include its contribution to the commitment of followers, its role in relieving the stress of followers, effect of

Differences Between MIPV4 And MIPV6

Differences Between MIPV4 And MIPV6 With the fast growth in the numbers of the mobile and handheld devices that are connected to the internet, the current IPv4 protocol is not able to cover all theses growth number of IP addresses. This is why the Internet Protocol IPv6 has been developed. Mobile IPv6 is an essential mandatory feature of the IPv6 that has been built to enable mobility for mobile device in IP networks. Mobile IPv6 specification is still uncompleted, so the protocol most likely will has some changes in the future. Security of mobile IPv6 is an essential part; it will be discuss in detail in this chapter. In addition of the mobility feature for the mobile IPv6, IPSec is also a mandatory feature that is required for IPv6 to provide data security and services for communication in IP networks and application layer protocols of TCP/IP. IPSec is used to protect Mobile IPv6 from the security threats, but there are still some issues that need to be solved. 6.1 Differences between MIPv4 and MIPv6 MIPv6 is the next generation standard for Mobile IP after MIPv4, the following is the main differences between MIPv4 and MIPv6: Foreign agent, MIPv6 rely on DHCP (dynamic host configuration protocol) server or router advertisements on the foreign network to get a care-of address (CoA), this scenario make the mobile device to operate in any place without requiring any additional support from the local router, because it does not depend on the foreign agent to issue the care-of address as in MIPv4. Home agent address discovery, IPv6 is has a feature called anycast that send data to the nearest or best receiver. With this feature mobile device can send update to the home agent any cast address. In this case, if there are multiple home agents on the network, the nearest home agent will send the response to the mobile device. By this feature, scalability and redundancy can be provided to the network by keeping track several home agents. Security, Both Mipv6 and Mipv4 provide data security by using Virtual Private Network (VPN) solution. Once the mobile device traveling outside its home network and connecting to the foreign network; Mipv4 use IPSec v4 (Internet Protocol Security) and VPN Solution. Mipv6 use IPSec v6 and VPN solution. Route Optimization, When the mobile device leave its own network and connect to other network , it get a new care-of address and then inform the home agent with this address, then the home agent record the new Care-of address in its binding table. MIPv6 has direct routing packet feature that routing between mobile device and the correspondent nodes that existed on the IPv6 network. All packets destined to the mobile device home address will be intercept by the home agent then tunnel them to its Care-of address. In case of MIPv4 traffic between correspondent node and the mobile device must go through the home agent. But in case of MIPv6 the correspondent node caches the Care-of address by using route optimization MIPv6 and then transfers the packets directly to the mobile device as it shown in the figure 1 [1]. Figure- 1 Route Optimization in MIPv6 6.2 Mobile IPv6 Security Threats Mobile IP v6 has been developed to provide mobility and security for IPv6 as same as MIPv4. MIPv6 introduce different security threats as following [3]: 1. Threats against Binding Updates sent to home agents: a attacker might claim that a certain mobile device is currently at a different location than it really is. If the home agent accepts the information sent to it as is, the mobile device might not get traffic destined to it, and other nodes might get traffic they didnt want. 2. Threats against route optimization with correspondent nodes: A malicious mobile device might lie about its home address. A malicious mobile device might send a correspondent node binding updates in which the home address is set to the address of another node, the victim. If the correspondent node accepted this forged binding update, then communications between the correspondent node and the victim would be disrupted, because packets that the correspondent node intended to send to the victim would be sent to the wrong care-of address. This is a threat to confidentiality as well as availability, because an attacker might redirect packets meant for another node to itself in order to learn the content of those packets. A malicious mobile device might lie about its care-of address. A malicious mobile device might send a correspondent node binding updates in which the care-of address is set to the address of a victim node or an address within a victim network. If the correspondent node accepted this forged binding update, then the malicious mobile could trick the correspondent into sending data to the victim node or the victim network; the correspondents replies to messages sent by the malicious mobile will be sent to the victim host or network. This could be used to cause a distributed denial of service attack; the malicious mobile could trick a large number of servers so that they all send a large amount of data to the same victim node or network. A malicious node might also send a large number of invalid binding updates to a victim correspondent node. If each invalid binding update took a significant amount of resources (such as CPU) to process before it could be recognized as invalid, then it might be possible to cause a denial of service attack by sending the correspondent so may invalid binding updates that it has no resources left for other tasks. An attacker might also replay an old binding update. An attacker might attempt to disrupt a mobile devices communications by replaying a binding update that the node had sent earlier. If the old binding update was accepted, packets destined for the mobile node would be sent to its old location and not its current location. 3. Threats where MIPv6 correspondent node functionality is used to launch reflection attacks against other parties. The Home Address Option can be used to direct response traffic against a node whose IP address appears in the option, without giving a possibility for ingress filtering to catch the forged return address. 4. Threats where the tunnels between the mobile device and the home agent are attacked to make it appear like the mobile node is sending traffic while it is not. 5. Threats where IPv6 Routing Header which is employed in MIPv6 is used to circumvent IP-address based rules in firewalls or to reflect traffic from other nodes. The generality of the Routing Header allows the kind of usage that opens vulnerabilities, even if the usage that MIPv6 needs is safe. 6. The security mechanisms of MIPv6 may also be attacked themselves, e.g. in order to force the participants to execute expensive cryptographic operations or allocate memory for the purpose of keeping state. Most of the above threats are concerned with denial of service. Some of the threats also open up possibilities for man-in-the-middle, hijacking, and impersonation attacks. 6.3 Securing the Binding Update: MIPv6 is a host routing protocol, developed to modify the normal routing for a specific host. As it changes the way of sending packets to the host[4]. The binding update tell a correspondent node of the new care-of address, a correspondent node authenticate the binding update and verifying that it doesnà ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¾Ã‚ ¢t from the manipulated node . In order to successfully authenticate the update the mobile device and the correspondent node need to establish security association and share secret key. IPSec in transport mode is used between home agent and its mobile device in order to secure the MIPv6 message such as binding update. 6.4 Summery Mobile IP is used to maintain communications while the IP address is changing. Mobile IPv6 is much optimized and deployable than Mobile IPv4, like direct communication between the correspondent node and mobile device, even though Mobile IPv6 is still uncompleted; the issues have been with the security of the protocol.

E-Marketing - Promotion and the Communications Process Essay -- Busine

E-Marketing - Promotion and the Communications Process Introduction In this assignment I will be using a case study to demonstrate an effective promotional campaign plan for the launch of a new e-business - selling wine over the internet. The name of the e-business will be 'The Wine Seller', which will help promote brand recall. This will also form the basis of the PR and Advertising campaign. The steps taken will include: * Promotion Plan/Objective * SWOT Analysis * Formulating a marketing and advertising plan * Setting the Marketing Objectives * Identifying the target audiences * Evaluating and implementing the communications mix The promotional campaign budget is  £500,000. 1. Promotion Objective & Plan 'The Wine Seller' is a small company offering high quality products to two main target markets. The main business objective is to generate awareness of the website facility to the existing customer base, respond to the needs of potential customers and generate awareness to both existing and potential customers. Therefore the main objectives of this promotional campaign are to: - * Create a brand image * Increase competitiveness * Improve efficiency * Add value for the customer To fulfil these objectives we need to improve communications, enhance customer service, increase sales, reduce costs and evaluate the impact. A promotional plan is critical for the development of a successful promotional campaign. The organisation should ask itself: -  · What are the overall goals of the promotional campaign  · What is the organisation trying to achieve  · What resources does the organisation need to achieve the objectives  · Which elements of the marketing mix are most appropriate We already have database information about the two main target markets. The information leads us to the conclusion that both markets demand quality, and a wide range of products. Quality and value for money rather than being the cheapest is more important to these markets. Therefore the market segment is described as demo geographic. The e-business wants to generate awareness amongst current and potential clients in both the hotel/catering industry and private consumers. The product the organisation has, is well established. The website will add value to the product and service delivere... ... 8 Sundays @  £25,000)  £200,000 Cost includes production Reprinting of all stationery  £ 15,000 Search Engine Optimisation & Data Mining  £ 5650 Wine Tasting evenings in Country House Hotels & Promotional offers  £100,000 Conclusion It is important to the marketer to understand how communication works in order to send the right message to the right people at the right time using the correct medium for the audience. It is vitally important that after a communicating that the results or findings are monitored and evaluated. Evaluation measures the success or failure of promotional campaigns. These promotions sometimes fail due to poor objectives and a poor understanding of customer needs and wants. Successful e-businesses realise the importance of integrating their offline and online marketing activities. Any promotional activity should run over a reasonable time scale in order that the receivers of the message recall the content. This helps reinforce the message and leads consumers to Purchase. The internet is the biggest library and storefront in the world and therefore an ideal platform to sell products and ideas and research competitors.

Any work

I donot know how the blackboard-cleaning is related to â€Å"Rajiv Gandhi Vidyutikaran YoJana†? If automatic cleaner needs electricity,then it will be more proolematic to implement throughout India. My data related to blackboards includes all schools(private and govt. )in rural and urban India. ‘ can substantiate my conclusion with different surveys and datas prepared by govt. and non-govt. agencies that still in rural area more than half of the schools have negligible basic infrastructure.As far s Mid-day meal scheme is concerned I have worked on this in 23 blocks. ‘ know what type of food-grain comes for the food and how officials and department of education works on this? My NGO has also done survey regarding basic infrastructural facilities in government primary schools in seven districts. MOre than 40% of the schools showing different infrastructural facilities on the goverment-paper is false. Few government schools are even running on the paper only. I am not sayiing that Blackboard cleaner would not improve the situation.But,it can be used only if there will be a blackboard. If you will allow me,then I will present the datas of Planning Commission,Department of HRD(Govt. of India) and different state governments. You are lucky that you found Blackboard in the village during field- work. And,also please keep onething in mind that we were sent to those villages,where we can reach by easy transportation mode. But,there are thousands of villages in India,where even district administration and police cannot access in any extraordinary situations. hools,blackboards and other infrastuctural facilities are remote things for those villages. I appreciate your imagination for planning to adopt one BPL family by one tax-payer and Blackboard cleaner†¦ but,these poetic imagination has extreme limitations†¦.. There are other basic needs of the infrastructure which should be addressed before thinking of automatic blackboard. May be there cou ld be alternates like running the school in shifts if the class strength is large in number. People of village can be encouraged to get together and ask thePanchayat to talk at higher level to run the school in shifts in their village. As mentioned before, electricity and maintenance problem of automatic blackboard will be an issue in villages where electricity is not there. we may need automatic blackboards in schools in rural areas but before that dont you think that their are more critical and important issues like teacher students ratio,poor quality of education and reducing high dropout rates to be addressed†¦.. Anshul sood p30003 any work By dhageas

Invisible man essays

Invisible man essays "Who the hell am I" (Ellison 386)? This question puzzled the invisible man, the unidentified, anonymous narrator of Ralph Ellison's acclaimed novel, Invisible Man. Throughout the story, the narrator embarks on a mental and physical journey to seek what the narrator believes is "true identity," a belief quite mistaken, for he, although unaware of it, had already been inhabited by true identities all along. Ellison, in Invisible Man, uses the main characters invisibility and conflict with the outside world to illustrate the confusion of identity that many people experience. The narrator's life is filled with constant eruptions of mental traumas. The biggest psychological burden he has is his identity, or rather his misidentity. He feels a "wearing on the nerves" (Ellison 3) for people to see him as what they like to believe he is and not see him as what he really is. Throughout his life, he takes on several different identities and none, he thinks, adequately represents his true self, until his final one, as an invisible man. The narrator thinks the many identities he possesses do not reflect him, but he fails to recognize that identity is simply a mirror that reflects the surroundings and the person who looks into it. It is only in this reflection of the immediate surrounding that the viewers can relate to the narrator's identity. The viewers see only the part of the narrator that is apparently connected to the viewer's own world. The part obscured is unknown and, therefore, insignificant. Lucius Brockway, an old operator of the paint factory, saw the narrator only as an existence threatening his job, despite that the narrator is sent there to merely assist him. Brockway repeatedly questions the narrator of his purpose there and his mechanical credentials but never even bother to inquire his name. Because to the old fellow, who the narrator is as a person is uninterested. What he is as an object and what that object's relationship is to...

Understanding Meritocracy

Understanding Meritocracy Meritocracy is a social system in which success and status in life depend primarily on individual talents, abilities, and effort. It is a social system in which people advance on the basis of their merits. A meritocratic system contrasts with aristocracy, for which people advance on the basis of the status and titles of family and other relations.   From the days of Aristotle, who coined the term ethos, the idea of awarding positions of power to those most capable have been a part of political discussion not only for governments but for business endeavors as well. Many Western societiesthe United States chief among themare commonly considered to be meritocracies, meaning these societies are built on the belief that anyone can make it with hard work and dedication. Social scientists often refer to this as the bootstrap ideology, evoking the popular notion of pulling oneself up by the bootstraps.   However, many challenge the validity of the position that Western societies are meritocracies, perhaps rightfully so. Widespread evidence exists, to varying degrees, within each of these societies of structural inequalities and systems of oppression designed and developed specifically to limit opportunities based on class, gender, race, ethnicity, ability, sexuality, and other social markers. Aristotles Ethos and Meritocracy In discussions of rhetoric, Aristotle relates the epitome of his understanding of the word ethos as the mastery of a particular subject.   Rather than determining merit based on the modern state of affairs as exemplified by the political system in place at the time, Aristotle argued that it should come from a traditional understanding of aristocratic and oligarchical structures that define good and knowledgeable. In 1958, Michael Young wrote a satirical paper mocking the Tripartite System of British education called The Rise of the Meritocracy, declaring that merit is equated with intelligence-plus-effort, its possessors are identified at an early age and selected for appropriate intensive education, and there is an obsession with quantification, test-scoring, and qualifications. The term has come to frequently be described in modern day sociology and psychology as any act of judgment based on merit. Although some disagree about what qualifies as true merit, most now agree that merit should be the primary concern for selecting an applicant for a position. Social  Inequality and Merit Disparity In modern times, especially in the United States, the idea of a merit-based-only system of governance and business creates a disparity, as the availability of resources to cultivate merit are largely predicated upon ones current and historic socioeconomic status. Thus, those born into higher socioeconomic standingthose who have more wealthhave access to more resources than those born into lower standing.   Unequal access to resources has a direct and significant effect on the quality of education a child will receive all the way from kindergarten through university. The quality of ones education, among other factors related to inequalities and discrimination, directly affects the development of merit and how meritorious one will appear when applying for positions. In his 2012 book Meritocratic Education and Social Worthlessness, Khen Lampert argues that a kinship exists between merit-based scholarships and education and social Darwinism, wherein only those given opportunities from birth are able to survive natural selection: By awarding only those who possess the means to afford a higher-quality education, either through intellectual or financial merit, a disparity is institutionally created between the impoverished and the wealthy, those born with inherent disadvantages and those born into socioeconomic prosperity. While meritocracy is a noble ideal for any social system, achieving it first requires recognizing that social, economic, and political conditions may exist which make it impossible. To achieve it, then, such conditions must be corrected.

Foundation Early childhood studies Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

Foundation Early childhood studies - Essay Example ironment that emphasizes on morals and religion there is a high probability that those children will be well disciplined (Jones, Holmes & Powell, 2007). That notwithstanding the religious knowledge which was introduced to them at a tender age will enable them view the world from a religious perspective whereby everything has to be related to a supernatural god (Global Alliance for Advancing Hcd Programmes, 2010) In addition, child development does not entail only physical growth it is a multi-facet process that entails a lot of process ranging from cognitive development to the manner in which a child views things and reasons out (Fabian, & Mould, 2009). Human beings are social beings thus they will tend to imitate the behaviours of the people they interact with in their immediate environment (Derobertis, 1997). Children that are brought up in a surrounding whereby people are drunkard or possess any other undesirable trait will most likely grow up with the same trait (Taylor, & Woods, 2005). This basically because when the mind of a human being is young and developing the things that it was exposed to are prone to stick there forever unless that individual undergoes a total psychological dynamism in some point in life which may help to change the mind-set from previous habits (Meggitt, 2006). Human beings just like any other creatures undergo the process of physical development this is occasioned by repetitive differentiation of body cells leading to cell multiplication which in turn results to a living organism growing (Meggitt, (2006). According to the maturationist theory which was advanced by Arnold Gessel physical development in children is a purely biological process that occurs automatically to all children as long as they are kept health in an enabling environment (Fabian, & Mould, 2009). It goes on to state that the physical development process is predictable in the sense that by carefully analysing the progress in a child one is able to predict the

Stress is a social construct. Discuss Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Stress is a social construct. Discuss - Essay Example What stress does to the psyche of man is something to gain comprehension from. This has put the different manifestations of mankind under quite a lot of worry since criminal issues have come to the fore due to stress and its different predicaments. This paper will outline the ways and means through which stress could be seen from a psychological perspective and under the auspices of the criminological fields. Research within the related domains of psychology has revealed that stress causes quite a number of problems for the people who are in authority positions. These people seem to experience stress when they are denied their due rights by the people who are senior to them or have more commanding dignity than them. Then there are other issues within these positions like gender harassment, inequality in wages, non-payment of dues, denial of leaves, etc which makes them feel even more stressed than they were before. Thus it would not be wrong to suggest that stress is one such tangent that negatively reinforces one’s energy levels to do something wrong or one that is ethically unacceptable. Having said that criminology takes its basis from similar settings of stress, and therefore the fact that criminology has been highlighted as a significant aspect in the studies related with psychology of stress and anxiety has all the more bearing on the subject at hand. Stress makes the worker s feel disjointed from their work regimes; they lack the alertness when it comes to their respective performance levels and have an overall feel of dizziness and boredom on the job (Desmond 2001). They want to do something different but the daily grind of work starts to take its toll on their bodies. The fact that they are not given the room to exploit their true strengths and just concentrate upon getting the job at hand done for the sake of meeting the deadlines, makes them feel itchy and irritated. Thus stress starts triggering them for